Tiff Macklem: AI’s Rapid Rise May Drive Inflation and Job Displacement

• The Bank of Canada warns AI could raise inflation as demand outpaces supply, emphasizing the need for close monitoring.
• Governor Tiff Macklem highlights that AI may disrupt price-setting behaviors, increasing inflation volatility in the market.
• AI poses financial stability risks; central banks must monitor its effects as investments in technology grow within financial institutions.

Artificial intelligence has prompted a warning from the Bank of Canada that inflationary pressures may increase. Governor Tiff Macklem noted that AI adoption is driving demand faster than supply growth, which could elevate prices.

During an AI conference in Toronto, Macklem discussed how the economic activity is already being stimulated by investments in AI technology , especially considering the increase in electricity demand that comes with the construction of new data centers.

Moreover, Macklem emphasized that AI is transforming industries by enhancing productivity. However, he also raised concerns that AI could disrupt traditional price-setting behavior. Digitally intensive firms, which rely on AI, tend to adjust prices more frequently, which may contribute to increased inflation volatility . Central banks, Macklem stressed, need to closely monitor how AI affects inflation and financial stability.

Impact on Financial Stability

AI is not only influencing inflation but also raising potential financial stability risks. Macklem brought up the fact that banks and other financial organizations are making investments in AI in order to boost customer service, control risks, and increase productivity. 

Nevertheless, these developments present additional difficulties. AI could centralize operational risks in a few key service providers, making financial systems more vulnerable in times of market volatility.

Macklem also emphasized the unpredictability of AI and issued a warning that models may be prejudiced or fail. AI may increase productivity , but it also has the power to replace workers in jobs with lower productivity, which would leave many without adequate opportunity to find other work.

Shaping the Future of AI

The Bank of Canada is already using AI to forecast inflation, monitor economic trends, and de-risk operations. Nonetheless, Macklem warned that AI’s full impact on productivity and inflation is still unclear. He emphasized the need for central banks to remain cautious, using informed scenarios to manage uncertainty in the coming years.

Ultimately, while AI promises to transform economies, its disruptive potential presents risks that must be managed carefully. Central banks will need to stay attuned to these evolving dynamics as AI continues to influence inflation and financial systems.